INTRODUCTION
ERSAN which is a part of ERSAN Group, has lay the foundations on April 2011 and has started business in agriculture and stockbreeding industry, and in the same year on November 2011 has completed the construction, and has imported 600 pieces of Holstein pregnant heifers. In addition to this import of 600 pieces of Holstein pregnant heifers, on June 2012, 120 pieces more of the same specie has joined the heifer herd.
Currently, ERSAN Agriculture & Livestock carries on a business in 25000 m2 confined space, and produces 17000 kg of milk with 650 pieces of milch cows. In total, the farm contains 1720 pieces of heifers, and daily 70 tons of fertilizers are being distributed to the fields.
The farm is 20 km away from the Alpu District, Eskişehir Province, at 860 m attitude, and established as neighbor of the forest at the North. The farm is 4 km away from Söğütçük Quarter, 5 km away from Osmaniye Quarter and 5 km away from Kozlubel. As there are no residential areas nearby and as the farm is away from other farms, it prevents diseases, which is the biggest problem in stockbreeding. Therefore, there haven’t been any infectious diseases in the farm. Also, as water is provided from artesian wells, which are coming from forest, there is no pollution and risk of contamination.
BARNS
In the establishment, there are 5 half-open systemic milch cow barns with the each capacity of 240 animals (1200 milch cows in total) and 2 open systemic young animal barns with the capacity of 1000 animals. Barns are constructed with all galvanized steel construction.
The milch barns are total of 6650 m2, 2650 m2 of confined space and 4000 m2 of walking space. Total of all milch barns is 33250 m2.
Each barn is divided into 4 sections, there are brand rubber coating beds, and in each section there are automatic sensor-fitted scratchers, frost-proof drinking bowl, three for each section, automatic fertilizer stripers of barn cleaning and 250 m3 fertilizer holes in front of each barn. Fertilizers collected in the fertilizer holes are mixed with 11 kw mixers and they are carried to the separator with sewage system with 7,5 kw pumps.
Barns of young animals are divided into 18 sections in total, and are established on 13000m2 (4300 m2 confined space and 8700 m2 open space) and the floor is covered with interlocking paving stone. In each section there is frost-proof drinking bowl. The service road is 6 meters wide and the top is covered with deck sheet.
There is a vaccination road of 240 meters all around both barns. Connected to the vaccination road, there is weighing machine for weighing the animals individually, and loading ramp used for loading the animals to the trucks.
MILKING PARLOR
There is full automated milking parlor at the 2x30 fish bone system. It has fast output system after milking. When it reaches the full capacity, this system can milk 1200 heifers with 8 hours intervals.
Currently, milking is conducted 3 times a day, with 8 hours of intervals and 650 heifers are milked in 3 hours. Milking parlor is constructed with all galvanized steel construction.
In scope of the herd management system, pedometer is installed to the feet of cows. The daily values of the cows at the milking are being recorded into the system automatically via pedometer. The mobility of the cow, the milk productiveness and the volume of the milk are recorded automatically to the system and it delivers different data for all cows.
If the mobility of the cow increases during day, aggression of the cow, increase in the milk volume is an indicator of mastitis and production decline in the milk is an indicator that the cow is sick. According to the correlation of these data, different interpretations can be made. In accordance with these data, necessary responses should be made to the animals.
After milking the cows, the milk goes to the cooling tank via chrome pipes. The chrome cooling tanks, with 10 tons and 16 tons of capacity, decreases the milk temperature, which is 38 ºC to less than 4ºC 1 hour. Thus, the bacteria production speed is minimized and the milk quality is provided to be at the highest. As the capacity of milch barn is 1200, in order to cool 36000 tons of milk to be provided from 1200 cows with approximately 30 liters/day/cow, the cooling tanks are inadequate. For this reason, a new cooling tank with 16 tons of capacity is ordered.
The cleaning of milking system and cooling tanks are being done automatically. During washing and rinsing, the system needs hot water. In summer, this hot water is provided from solar energy panels that are installed for milking parlor; and in winter, water is provided from central heating boiler connected to the gas system. In order to use the hot water provided from solar energy panels in both day and night during summer, the water is stored in hot-water tanks.
DELIVERY ROOM – MEDICAL ROOM
The deliver room is established on 1200 m2 of confined space and there are 16 delivery rooms. In all rooms there are brand rubber coating beds and frost-proof drinking bowls. The building and the rooms are constructed with galvanized steel construction.
In order to milk the cows in the medical rooms and the newly given birth cows, there is piped milking system that can milk 10 cows at the same time, and 1,5 tons of chrome cooling tank was ordered.
The 2 rooms in the delivery areas are used as storage area to put the materials used for delivery and health and as veterinary room.
The solar energy panels installed at the roof of deliver area provides the hot water need of delivery area and calf-site in sunny weathers.
CALF-SITE
The calf-area is established on 7000 m2 area and the floor is covered with interlocking paving stone. In order to provide security, the calf-area is covered with wire fence.
There is a 12m2 room and 25m2 of storage for preparing the milk for calves. There is also 500 liters of chrome heating tank in which the milk is prepared.
There are 300 pieces of individual calf-huts and 4 pieces of multiple huts. After 10th day, there are 5 tents of 70 m2, so that calves can drink milk until they are 60 days old.
LODGING
The lodging building is constructed as 2 floors and of reinforced concrete and it has 3 sections. The building heated by central heating boiler connected to bulk gas system. In order to save from fuels during summer, solar energy panels are installed. In order to use the how water provided from solar energy panels in both day and night during summer, the water is stored in hot-water tanks.
There are 10 rooms at the upper floor for usage of personnel. There are bathrooms and toilers in each room.
At the lower floor there is kitchen and a dining room for 70 personnel. Bulk gas is used at the oven in the kitchen.
In the other section of the lower floor, there is a dressing room for usage of personnel. In the living room, there are bathrooms and toilets allocated for usage of personnel. Hot water is provided to the bathrooms continuously.
SILAGE HOLE
Silage hole is combined of 2 small and 4 big holes. The width of the small holes is 7 meters, and the big holes are 14 meters. The length of all holes are 100 meters and the height is 3,5 meters. Silage holes have the capacity of 21000 tons are located at the backside of the forage plant, thus it facilitates the transportation during forage preparation. In both sides of silage holes there is a channel system. With this system, the water leaking from the silage is moved away from the holes.
FORAGE PLANT
Currently, 300-400 tons of concentrate forage is consumed in the farm monthly. All the required forage is provided from the forage plant that is constructed in the farm. The plant is established on 3300 m2 and constructed with galvanized steel construction. There are 4 vertical raw material silo of 500 tons and 9 vertical raw material silo of 25 tons. Raw materials (soybean meals, corn, barley, sunflower meals, dried distillers grains with soluble, bran, etc.) are purchased in accordance with the needs, and are being poured into the holes with dumper trucks, and are carried to the silos with helix and elevators. When the concentrate forage is prepared, the raw materials taken from silos with automatic dosing system and they are passing through crashers and mixers and they are being carried to product silo with helix and elevators. After the crusher, the additives (mixtures of vitamin-minerals, soda, yeast, DCP, salt, marble powder, etc.) to be included to the forage will be added to the boiler of the system and are carried to the mixer with helix. The barley grinded with grinding machine, which was included to the system later, is sent to the mixer with helix. All of the prepared concentrate forage are waiting in the vertical product 5 pieces of silos with tons.
Through the system having 10 tons/hour capacity, with calculation of 8 hours/day, 2000 tons of concentrate forage can be produced monthly.
FERTILIZER MANAGEMENT
The fertilizers collected at the fertilizer holes located at the front of barns are being carried to the separator via savage system. The liquid and the solid parts of the fertilizer collected at 620 m3 of pool can be resolved with separator.
Currently, this fertilizer is mixed with 11 kW mixers and is sprinkled to the fields w with 22 kW pumps. With this method, the organic material level of the soil increases and the plant productiveness is optimized.
When there are 1200 milch cows, the total animal amount will be approximately 3200 pieces. From these animals, 150 tons of fertilizers will be provided daily. With this fertilizer, it is planned to produce biogas with the biogas plant that will be constructed near to the separator pool. Thus the profitability of the establishment will increase.
In accordance with the 2017 plans, from the fertilizer passing through separator, after providing suitable environment and physical conditions, the fertilizer will be made appropriate for spreading to the soil and organic fertilizer will be produced in 20 kilograms and 50 kilograms of packages. As result of affirmative negotiations with the Parks and Recreation Directorships of the Municipalities, sales of organic fertilizer will begin.
ANIMAL PROPERTY
Although at the beginning, there were 720 pregnant heifers, and now currently ERSAN Agriculture & Livestock has following animals:
* 670 milch cow,
* 80 dry cow,
* 200 pregnant heifers,
* 170 heifers (older than12 months),
* 220 female steer 3-12 months old,
* 60 female calf 0-3 months old,
* 80 male steer older than 12,
* 180 male steer 3-12 months old,
* 60 male calf 0-3 months old.
In total, the company continues to their activities with 1720 animals. All of the animals are insured in scope of TARSİM (Agricultural Insurance Pool).
As the shelter, labor and feeding opportunities are available, the male calves born in the establishments are taken into fattening and being fed until the slaughtering.
ENVIRONMENT PLANNING
Grass is planted at the 4000 m2 of area at the entrance of farm and around the administrative building and approximately 2000 pieces of trees are plated in various areas of the farm, and the environmental planning still continues. Besides, pine, cypress, almond and walnut seedlings produced from seeds should be planted ot various places as they grow into suitable site.
LAND CONDITION
ERSAN Agriculture & Livestock has started their activity with 1632 decares of land; and at the later periods purchased new fields and now has 1950 decares of land. In order to produce coarse fodder to animals by themselves, ERSAN Agriculture & Livestock has rented 1500-2000 decares of field and totally processes 2500-3000 decares of field.
Currently, there is 650 decares of clover. At the other parts of the fields annual forages (silage corn, vetch, forage green pea, etc.) in accordance with the needs are being planted.
On 2014-2015 season, from these fields 11000 tons of silage corn, 1000 tons of dry clover, 200 tons of green pea fodder and 100 tons of grain barley was grown.
All fields are irrigated with the 900 ton/hour irrigation water provided from 7 artesian wells. This method increases the field productiveness at highest.
With pivot irrigation system that is 454 meters long, 282 decares of clove field is being irrigated automatically.
The 2200 decares of silage corn, planted in 2015 was irrigated with drip page system. With current irrigating method by sprinkling water, 3000 decares of field can be irrigated.
MILK AND DAIRY PRODUCTS
At the period where the full capacity is provided, 36 tons of raw milk will be processed and cheese, yoghurt, buttermilk drink, butter and cream productions are planned.
MEAT SALES
On average, monthly 20 male steer ready for slaughtering and 10 reformed cow and heifer sales is made.
ANIMAL SALES
Currently, there is a huge demand from other breeders for sales of fattened male calves and heifers for breeding. When the animal capacity is at fullest, the sales for heifers for breeding will start. Accordingly, in order to increase the value of animals for breeding, higher quality sperms are being used. As a matter of fact, in order to make contributions for herd to grow faster, heifers are being inseminated with female sperms.
MACHINE-EQUIPMENT
• Tractor (New Holland 6060)
• Tractor (New Holland TD110)
• Tractor (New Holland TD80)
• Forage mixing machine (Seko 17,5 m3)
• Forage mixing machine (Fimaks 20 m3)
• Plough
• Air drill machine
• Stone collecting machine
• 3 pieces of trailers
• Vertical soil mixing
• Horizontal soil mixing
• Hoeing machine
• Sowing machine